NAME
ORIGIN
INSERTION
Zygomatic Arch
Lateral surface of angle and ramus of mandible
Elevates and protracts mandible to close jaw
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Base of 5th metacarpal
Extends and ulnar adducts hand at wrist
Extensor Carpi Radialis
Distal lateral supracondylar ridge
Base of 2nd metacarpal
Extends and radial abducts hand at wrist
Acromiotrapezius
Spines of cervical vertebrae
Scapular spine
Draws scapula dorsally
Spinotrapezius
Spines of thoracic vertebrae
Fascia of scapula muscles
Draws scapula dorsally
Spinodeltoid
Spine of scapula
Shaft of humerus
Flexes and rotates humerus
Clavobrachialis
Clavicle
Ulna
(beneath the semilunar notch)
Flexes forearm
Triceps brachii (medial)
Proximal portion of posterior humerus, superior to radial groove
Posterior olecranon process of ulna
Extends the forearm at elbow
Triceps brachii (lateral)
Inferior two thirds of posterior humerus
Posterior olecranon process of ulna
Extends the forearm at elbow
Triceps brachii
(long head)
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Posterior olecranon process of ulna
Extends the arm at the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint
Extends the forearm at the elbow
Biceps femoris
Gracilis
Gastrocnemius
Tibialis Anterior
Ischial tuberosity of os coxa
Inferior border of pubic body near symphysis
Medial head-medial condyle of femur and area above condyle
Lateral head- lateral condyle of femur and area just above condyle
Lateral condyle and superior two thirds of anteriolateral surface of tibia
Medial and plantar surfaces of medial cuneiform
Base of first metatarsal along the medial and plantar surfaces
Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Proximal medial surface of tibia
Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Extends thigh at hip
Flexes leg at knee and laterally rotates leg if the knee is flexed
Dorsiflexes foot at ankle
Inverts foot
Plantar flexes foot
Flexes leg at the knee
Adducts thigh at hip
Flexes leg at knee and laterally rotates leg if the knee is flexed
ACTION
Masseter
WHY CATS HAVE DIFFERENT MUSCLES FROM HUMANS:
The largest reason why cats and humans have different muscles is because humans muscles are meant to maintain posture in an upright posture walking on two feet. Cat muscles on the other hand function to walk on four paws. Since the organism’s modes of locomotion are different it causes more muscles to be needed for cats to move their front limbs, while humans need more in their hind limbs since those are their only sources of movement. Muscles in humans and cats can serve different purpose and be used by one organism more often than another. An example of this is how the cat’s tricep brachii is more developed than a human’s because cats walk on their “hands” and humans don’t. Cats also need to a muscle that will allow them to launch when hunting. Humans have more developed bicep brachii because they need to be able to grab things and cats don’t have this ability.
