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NAME

LOCATION

SHAPE & NEIGHBORS

FUNCTION

 

 

Parotid Gland

Crosses across the masseter and makes a hole in the mucous membrane opposite the last premolar tooth. Under the ear

 

 

Triangular and bilobar. Close to the mandibular gland and masseter

 

Secrets saliva into the oral cavity. Saliva is used solubilize dry food, lubricate and bind masticated food, etc

 

 

Diaphragm

 

Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Under the xiphoid process

 

Dome shaped and is convex. In the neutral position it is in line with the 6th rib

 

During inspiration it contracts enabling more air to be drawn in

 

 

Liver

 

 

Superior to the stomach. In the front of the abdominal cavity. Horizontal across the abdomen

Has several lobes and is reddish brown. The gallbladder is connected to it. Close to kidneys. Behind the diaphragm and in front of the stomach

 

Stores fat soluble vitamins, creates some digestive enzymes, produces blood clotting factors, etc

 

 

Kidney

 

 

Deep to the thoracic spinal cord. Superior to the ovaries

 

Looks like a curved oval and is a slight pink. Or a kidney bean. Close to the thoracic spine and kidney

 

 

Manages blood pressure, makes hormones and red blood cells, etc

 

 

Gall Bladder

 

 

Is between the diaphragm and stomach. Connected to liver through the bile duct

 

Is a small oval connected to the liver. Behind the diaphragm and in front of the stomach. Connects to duodenum

 

 

Stores the bile used in the digestive system. Bile is used to digest food in the stomach and intestines

 

 

Jejunum

 

 

Is between the duodenum and ileum

 

 

The longest part of the small intestines.Connected to the duodenum and ileum

 

 

Has many villi that are used to absorb nutrients from foods that were eaten

 

 

 

 

Spleen

 

 

Is near the stomach in the left forward part of the abdomen

 

 

The size changes based on the fullness of the stomach. Connected to multiple blood vessels. Looks kind of like a tongue

 

 

 

Creates red blood cells, stores red blood cells, filters the blood, etc

 

 

 

Tongue Papillae

Filiform papillae- front half of tongue

Foliate papillae- both sides of tongue

Fungiform papillae- sides of tongue

Circumvallate papillae- arranged in a v-shape behind fungiform

 

Filiform papillae- point backward

Foliate papillae- the largest of the papillae

Fungiform papillae- look like mushrooms

Circumvallate papillae- dome shaped

 

 

 

Filiform papillae- assist in grooming and removing flesh from prey

 

 

 

Pancreas

 

 

In the upper abdominal cavity. Next to the duodenum and stomach

 

 

The right lobe attaches to the duodenum. The left lobe attaches to the stomach

 

 

Creates the enzymes that digest food like insulin. Produces hormones to maintain blood sugar level

 

 

 

 

Stomach

 

 

 

In front of the abdominal cavity. On the left side of the body

 

 

 

Inferior to the esophagus and superior to the small intestines. Is a big sac that looks like a weird kidney bean

 

 

 

Stores eaten food for processing later. Begins digesting mainly proteins. Mixes and grinds foods together

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